Examinando por Autor "Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor"
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Ítem Alternative ways of challenging and resisting in richard rodriguez's darling: a spiritual autobiography(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2017-12) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThere are several reasons why essayist Richard Rodriguez could be classified as a 'minority' writer; namely, his Mexican-American roots, his Catholic faith, and his self-declared homosexuality. However, readers who expect his writings to display the kind of attitudes and features that are common in works by other 'minority' authors are bound to be disappointed. The meditations that Rodriguez offers are far from clearly dividing the world between oppressors and oppressed or dominant and subaltern. As he sees it, ethnic, religious, class or sexual categories and divisions present further complications than those immediately apparent to the eye. Does this mean that Rodriguez fails to resist and challenge the dynamics he observes between different social groups? Or that his observations are complaisant rather than subversive? Not necessarily, since his essays are always a tribute to the possibilities of disagreement and defiance. My analysis of his latest collection of essays, Darling: A Spiritual Autobiography (2013), maps out and dissects the writing strategies that Rodriguez employs to generate dialogical forms of inquiry and resistance regarding such up-to-date topics as religious clashes (and commonalities), Gay rights (in relation to other Human Rights) or how public spaces are being re-imagined in this global, digital era.Ítem Call and response: Richard Rodriguez casts new light on brown as a "Fruity Text" on identity politics(Universidad de Sevilla, 2012) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorChicano writer Richard Rodriguez has often been perceived as a strange fish in the field of minority literatures because he has repeatedly made a plea for individualism (in religious, sexual, ethnic, political and other affairs), instead of aligning with specific collectivities. Rodriguez’s latest work, Brown: The Last Discovery of America, makes evident that, rather than choosing to be entirely one or the other—the Chicano writer or the mainstream scholar, the gay or the Catholic—, he prefers the liminal state of being many things at once. This article offers both an analysis of the complex and quite often “fruity” metaphors that Rodriguez employs in this work to grapple with the difficult positions into which his diverse allegiances bring him, and a conversation with the author in which he briefly elaborates on the significance of some of those metaphors.Ítem The challenges of recovering from individual and cultural trauma in Toni Morrison's "Home"(Universidad de Murcia, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2014) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThe journey back home to Lotus, Georgia, that the protagonist of Morrison’s latest novel, FrankMoney, undertakes is planted with too many obstacles to turn it into the kind of “reconnecting experience” that would help him to recover from the traumas he suffers from. Frank’s sense of alienation is exacerbated by some hateful childhood memories, his participation in the Korean War and his painful losses there, the failure to support thewoman he loves, and the racism that he still experiences in the U.S. of the 1950s. Home(2012) offers ample grounds to discuss topics such as acts of remembrance, memory traces, the politics of mourning, and direct (andindirect) representations of trauma and sorrow. Yet, the main question the novel poses is to what extent Frank’sjourney to rescue his younger sister, Cee, helps him to achieve some kind of redemption and whether that redemption is fully materialized at the end of the novel.Ítem Challenging and dismantling stereotypes in Jones’s The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada and Edwards’s Monsters(EnredARS Publicaciones, 2025) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThere is the widespread conviction that cinema tends to reinforce all sorts of schemes and stereotypes that we use to interpret and respond to surrounding realities. However, over the last decades a number of filmmakers have been trying to challenge and subvert some of those generic expectations and assumptions by dismantling many of the stereotypes present in certain film and cultural traditions. This paper will closely analyze two films with the aim of showing that cinema has the capacity of changing our perception of particular spaces and the human groups in them. Both The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada (dir. Jones 2005) and Monsters (dir. Edwards 2010) take place in borderland territories where the audience expects to witness the kind of plots habitual in those volatile spaces. Although belonging to two very distinct film genres—post- Western and science-fiction—both movies rely on the tropes and conventions that are typical of the two genres. However, far from confirming and justifying the dichotomies that have governed most narratives in these traditions and contexts, the two films challenge many of the assumptions and stereotypes that usually guide our interpretation of these filmic texts.Ítem El concepto de Pertenencia (Belonging) como marco analítico para la investigación sobre la juventud de origen inmigrante(Universidad de Deusto = Deustuko Unibertsitatea, Instituto de Derechos Humanos Pedro Arrupe, 2012) Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Aretxabala Santamaría, María Esther; Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor; Oiarzabal, Pedro J.En este artículo presentamos un marco analítico basado en el concepto de pertenencia, que tiene en consideración las dimensiones personales, sociales y performativas del proceso de integración de la juventud inmigrante. Este concepto de pertenencia se perfila como uno de los principales ejes de la investigación actual ya que permite analizar tanto las experiencias subjetivas como el entorno social que afectan a la vida cotidiana y conforman el marco identitario de los jóvenes inmigrantes. Al tiempo que incorpora la dimensión participativa.Ítem Dominican-american auto-ethnographies: considering the boundaries of self-representation in Julia Álvarez and Junot Díaz(Universidad de Alicante / Universitat d'Alacant: Departamento de Filología Inglesa, 2010-12-15) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article explores some of the dilemmas faced by minority autobiographers when they set out to represent their life stories in writing. While significant benefits may be derived from this self-conscious enterprise, bicultural authors are sometimes unaware of the boundaries -or frames- that the mainstream culture demarcates for their self-portrayals. My analysis of Julia Álvarez’s ¡Yo! (1997) and Junot Díaz’s Drown (1996), which could both be characterized as ‘auto-ethnographies,’ shows how these two Dominican-American writers are subject to some of the principles and rules that have governed the genre since its very inception in the United States. Due to the kind of subjectivities and selfhoods they aspire to develop and represent in their works, and to their readers’ expectations, they are seen to deploy certain patterns and narrative techniques that can hardly be considered new or original in self-writing. Although it should be admitted that these bicultural writers have expanded the boundaries of the autobiographical genre, this article also demonstrates that these authors are dependent on a number of ‘utopian blueprints,’ divided forms of subjectivity, and conventional strategies of cultural critique that were integral to the works of the ‘forefathers’ of the genre in the New World.Ítem The dwindling presence of Indian culture and values in Jumpa Lahiri's "Unaccustomed Earth"(Universidad de Valladolid, 2011) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorUnlike her earlier works of fiction (Interpreter of Maladies (1999) and The Namesake (2003", which mostly explored the identity conflicts and the problems of Indian migrants to travel across cultures, Jhumpa Lahiri's latest collection of short stories, Unaccustomed Earth (2008), can be seen to concentrate more closely on her characters' inner landscapes, thus widening the range of themes to include such intricate and, to a great extent, ethnic-blind topics as death and grief, isolation, family dynamics, and gender relations. Although, migration-related issues and the process of adaptation to a different environment are still integral to this collection, it is also evident that the emphasis has been shifted from the straddling of two cultures to the analysis of intergenerational and marital tensions. This article examines the kind of changes that this shift in interest causes both in terms of thematic choices and the treatment those themes receive.Ítem Family secrets and narrative structure in Celeste Ng’s «Everything I Never Told You»(Asociación Española de Estudios Anglo-Norteamericanos. AEDEAN, 2021-12) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorCeleste Ng’s novel Everything I Never Told You (2014) has been said to combine some stock ingredients of literary thrillers with other less customary features that complicate its classification in that genre. Although we learn from page one that the protagonist of the novel, sixteen-year-old Lydia Lee, is dead, discovering who is behind the possible murder of this Chinese American girl proves to be one of the lesser mysteries in the story. While the reader remains intrigued by the forces/people that may have driven Lydia to her demise, other enigmas—related to the other members of the Lee family—keep cropping up and turn out to be closely linked to the protagonist’s fate. This article explores the secret-saturated structure of the novel, which moves back and forth between the Lees’ speculations about Lydia’s death, the impact that the event has on their lives and the protagonist’s own version of the story. Ng delves deep into the issues of gender, race and other types of otherness that spawn most of the secrets driving the story. Assisted by theories expounded by Frank Kermode, Derek Attridge and other scholars, the article highlights the centrality of family secrets as a structuring principle in Ng’s novel.Ítem Genre Reconsidered in Louise Erdrich’s The Round House(Universidad de Sevilla, 2016) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article discusses the significant shift in terms of genre to be observed in Louise Erdrich‘s fourteenth novel, "The Round House" (2012).This novel, which explores the effects of a sexual assault on an Ojibwe reservation, can be seen to use narrative styles and generic conventions that are quite different from those found in Erdrich‘s earlier works.The article considers the possible reasons that could explain Erdrich‘s decision to hybridize different genres (coming-of-age, thriller, etc.) in The Round House and how that decision may have conditioned the reception of the novel among native and non-Indian readers alike. A number of socio-cultural and rhetorical theories of genre (Miller, Bitzer, Bakhtin) are used to discern the author‘s logic in opting for a specific blend of literary genres. The article concludes that Erdrich‘s generic choices are best understood in the light of the socio-political urgency and activism that the vulnerable situation of Native women on reservations demands.Ítem Inmigración e integración urbana: primeros resultados del proyecto GEITONIES generando tolerancia interétnica e integración local en espacios urbanos europeos(Asociación Española de Ciencia Política y de la Administración, 2012-08-03) Bartolomé Peral, Edurne; Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor; Ruiz Vieytez, Eduardo JavierEsta nota de investigación presenta algunos resultados preliminares de la investigación internacional comparada Geitonies, que se ha realizado dentro del 7º Programa Marco de la Unión Europea entre los años 2008 y 2011. El equipo de Geitonies, palabra que significa barrio en griego, asumía que los espacios urbanos son vitales para la promoción de la tolerancia, la cohesión, la participación y la inclusión. En este contexto, la elección del barrio como unidad de análisis permitía introducir una nueva perspectiva a temas clásicos de investigación relacionados con las relaciones interétnicas y la cohesión social, así como reformular las preguntas de integración desde una perspectiva relacional. El trabajo empírico se llevó a cabo en 18 barrios de seis metrópolis europeas (Lisboa, Rotterdam, Bilbao, Tesalónica, Viena y Varsovia) como contexto para estudiar las representaciones, prácticas diarias y las interacciones entre los diversos grupos sociales y étnicos.Ítem The language of wounds and scars in Edwige Danticat's "The Dew Breaker": a case in trauma symptoms and the recovery process(Universidad de La Rioja, 2010-05-29) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article examines the representation of a violent and traumatizing past in Edwidge Danticat’s The Dew Breaker (2004), a collection of short stories that depicts the effects of a torturer’s atrocious crimes on the lives of his victims and their descendants. The contribution argues that this work of fiction by the Haitian-American writer is structured upon the principle that traumatic experiences can only become intelligible – and, therefore, “representable” – by considering the severe psychical wounds and scars they leave on the victims. These scars habitually take the form of paranoia, nightmares, ghostly presences, schizophrenia, and “dead spots” that have a very difficult time finding their place in the protagonists’ consciousness and language. In spite of the fragmented and discontinuous character of these representations, the writer manages to unveil the kind of psychological and social dysfunctions that often surface when people have not fully accepted or assimilated aspects of the past that keep itching in their unconscious. However, despite the prevailingly bleak tone of the stories, Danticat still leaves some room for hope and recovery, as many of the victims find ways to come to terms with and overcome those individual and collective dysfunctions.Ítem Native american humor as resistance breaking identity moulds in Thomas King' s Green Grass, Running water(Universidad de Zaragoza: Departamento de Filología Inglesa y Alemana, 2010-04-01) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorAlthough in appearance a hilarious literary work about border crossing and cultural interaction, Thomas King’s Green Grass, Running Water also proves to be an effective narrative of resistance in which a severe critique of the socio-surgical incisions that the Western colonial paradigm has inflicted on the indigenous peoples is articulated. By means of a Native brand of humor, which combines techniques such as subversive intertextual references, plays on words, anachronistic elements, the inclusion of trickster figures or the satiric treatment of stereotypes, King manages to undo the white man’s performance of epistemological and spiritual domination. This article shows how the comic sign that Vizenor, Allen, Arteaga, and others have studied in the oral storytelling and the literature of the oppressed can in fact be turned into a successful weapon to disarm the oppressor in unequal power relations. A close reading of King’s text reveals that humor can be productively used to challenge and subvert the colonial modes of representation and identity moulds that have imprisoned Native Americans for centuries. Thus, the author could be cogently described, following Vizenor, as a “postindian warrior”.Ítem "La noche de los niños" de Toni Morrison: un tema complejo con un tratamiento demasiado esquemático(Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades, Departamentos de Literatura y Lingüística, 2019-04) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorToni Morrison, en once novelas escritas a lo largo de más de cuatro décadas, ha abordado temas controvertidos como la influencia del pasado en el presente, el poder y los peligros de las comunidades pequeñas o las heridas que distintos tipos de maltrato dejan en cuerpos y mentes. Su última novela, La noche de los niños (2015), retoma algunos de esos temas, pero se centra en el maltrato de menores y el “colorismo” –el racismo interno que los afroamericanos muestran hacia aquellos de entre ellos que tienen piel más oscura. Lo novedoso de esta novela es que la acción transcurre en la California actual, donde las cifras de abuso y maltrato de menores –en especial de niños negros– son escalofriantes. El objetivo principal de este artículo es mostrar cómo, a pesar de la destreza y la audacia narrativa de Morrison –con constantes cambios de punto de vista y registros de lengua–, el lector llega a la conclusión de que el tema abordado en esta novela resulta demasiado complejo para ser explorado en un espacio tan limitado.Ítem Other West(ern)s representation(s), twists, and transnational visions(EnredARS Publicaciones, 2025) Soroa Bacaicoa, Amaia; Ibarrola Armendariz, Aitor; Río Raigadas, DavidThe widely recognizable imagery of the American West has permeated countless artistic productions and nuanced reinterpretations that not only add complexity to the mythology of the territory, but they also enhance cultural forms and the reverberations across genres. In addition, they allow for a deeper reflection on certain social issues and some of its problematic aspects. This round table has analyzed some of these new visions of the West, as well as their contributions and implications for the evolving conception of this geographical and cultural territory. More specifically, has dealt with the western as a cultural form whose conventions can incorporate postmodern features to enhance the western genre and the imagery of the West. This roundtable has also underpinned the hybrid and transnational dimensions of the western, as featured in Spanish weird western literature of the twentieth century and in podcasts that incorporate a vision of the American West.Ítem A postmodern twist to the Western film tradition in The Ballad of Buster Scruggs by the Coen brothers(Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2024) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorAlthough the Coen brothers had already made films related to the Western genre, The Ballad of Buster Scruggs (2018) is a different venture, since they wrote the script of this anthology movie comprising six stories themselves. Besides delving into some of the themes that they have dealt with in their filmography–mortality, ethics, violence, justice, etc.–they also provide the film with a number of postmodern twists that hint at an effort to work through some of the problems posed by the mythology of the American West. The Ballad of Buster Scruggs contains the use of intertextuality across various art forms, a parodic treatment, and the inclusion of unusual perspectives that are all typical of postmodern aesthetics and politics of representationÍtem Privileged subject / observer of Cuban-American relations and migration dynamics: a conversation with Rubén G. Rumbaut(Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Estudios Norteamericanos Benjamin Franklin, 2017) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorÍtem Réditos potenciales de la participación de las familias inmigrantes en el centro escolar y posibles dificultades(Universitat Ramon Llull, Facultat de Psicologia i Ciències de l'Educació i de l'Esport Blanquerna, 2012-11-12) Maiztegui Oñate, Concepción; Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorEste artículo presenta algunos resultados relativos a las experiencias de participación de las familias inmigrantes en los centros escolares de Vizcaya. Los resultados son parte de un estudio más amplio titulado “Discriminación, identidades culturales y signos de exclusión social” que el equipo de investigación Retos Socioculturales y Derechos Humanos en un Mundo en Transformación de la Universidad de Deusto llevó a cabo entre los años 2007 y 2009. Este proyecto fue financiado por el plan de I+D del Gobierno Vasco, Departamento de Educación, Universidades e Investigación (HU2007-22). El estudio fue planteado como un diseño descriptivo-analítico que pretendía comprender e intentar explicar los procesos de participación en dos vertientes. Tanto desde el punto de vista de “participación de”, como usuarios de un servicio, y desde el enfoque de la “participación en”, esto es, las familias como corresponsables en los procesos de la institución educativa (Carrasco, Pàmies y Bertran, 2009). Se intentó realizar un “análisis intersubjetivo” que permitiese acceder a las experiencias y al mundo de significados, para conseguir incorporar la percepción y opiniones de los propios actores implicados en nuestra comprensión del fenómeno estudiado. Por este motivo, para la recogida de datos empleamos los grupos de discusión (4) con personas pertenecientes a los colectivos con mayor presencia en el ámbito de estudio.Ítem Sherman Alexie's "The toughest Indian in the world": amalgamating the oral and the written traditions(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2015-12-17) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThis article argues that The Toughest Indian in the World (2000) by Native-American author Sherman Alexie combines elements of his tribal (oral) tradition with others coming from the Western (literary) short-story form. Like other Native writers —such as Momaday, Silko or Vizenor — , Alexie is seen to bring into his short fiction characteristics of his people's oral storytelling that make it much more dialogical and participatory. Among the author's narrative techniques reminiscent of the oral tradition, aggregative repetitions of patterned thoughts and strategically-placed indeterminacies play a major role in encouraging his readers to engage in intellectual and emotional exchanges with the stories. Assisted by the ideas of theorists such as Ong (1988), Evers and Toelken (2001), and Teuton (2008), this article shows how Alexie's short fiction is enriched and revitalized by the incorporation of oral elements. The essay also claims that new methods of analysis and assessment may be needed for this type of bicultural artistic forms. Despite the differences between the two modes of communication, Alexie succeeds in blending features and techniques from both traditions, thus creating a new hybrid short-story form that suitably conveys the trying experiences faced by his characters.Ítem Sherman Alexie’s Audacious Revamps of Native American Identity in The Toughest Indian in the World(Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2017) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorSherman Alexie’s collection of short stories The Toughest Indian in the World (2000) offers one of the sharpest and most touching renditions of the challenges faced by Native Americans in the new millennium. The reader soon realizes that Indians from different tribes are pigeonholed as representatives of a particular ethnic and/or social category, which reduces the complexity of their character and restricts their possibilities for meaningful transformation. Although the clashes are usually against white Americans, there are also instances in which their own people reject them or question their roots for various reasons. Alexie’s stories can be said to have a liberating power as they poke fun at the pseudo-scientific discourses that attempt to classify human groups into closed categories.Ítem “The Sin Eaters” by Sherman Alexie: a dystopian island in a mostly auspicious archipelago(Universidad de Valladolid, 2023-10-18) Ibarrola Armendariz, AitorThe belated publication of Sherman Alexie’s story “The Sin Eaters” as part of the collection The Toughest Indian in the World(2000) is worthy of the interest of biographic-textual scholars for its singularity. Not only did the author delay its appearance due to the very sinister tone of the story, but he decided to include it at the very heartof a collection, which isvery different both stylistically and thematically. Paradoxically, however, the dystopian vision of the United States in the late 1950s offered by “The Sin Eaters” is an effective“counterweight” to the rest of the materials compiled in the collection. Assisted bythe ideas of experts in the field of dystopian fiction, the article analyzesthe story as an adequatecounter part and complement to the other, more promising, pictures offered in the volume.